Ọrụ ugbo bụ ihe kacha mkpa n'ahịa ụwa, na usoro gburugburu ebe obibi na-eche ọtụtụ ihe ịma aka ihu. Oriri kemịkal fatịlaịza n'ụwa niile na-eto ma na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na mkpụrụ osisi1. Otú ọ dị, osisi ndị toro n'ụzọ dị otú a enweghị oge zuru ezu iji too ma tozuo nke ọma, ya mere ha anaghị enweta àgwà ọma nke osisi2. Na mgbakwunye, ogige ndị na-egbu egbu nwere ike ịgbakọba n'ahụ mmadụ na ala3. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ka ịmepụta ihe ngwọta dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi na-adịgide adịgide iji belata mkpa fatịlaịza kemịkal. Microorganisms bara uru nwere ike ịbụ isi iyi dị mkpa nke ogige okike na-arụ ọrụ ndụ4.
Obodo Endophytic dị n'ime akwụkwọ dịgasị iche dabere na ụdị osisi ndị ọbịa ma ọ bụ genotype, ogbo uto osisi, na morphology osisi. 13 Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ ekwuola na Azospirillum, Bacillus, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, na Enterobacter nwere ikekwalite uto osisi. 14 Ọzọkwa, Bacillus na Azospirillum bụ mkpụrụ ndụ PGPB kacha enyocha n'ihe gbasara ịkwalite uto na mkpụrụ osisi. Nnyocha 15 egosila na ijikọ ọgwụ Azospirillum brasiliensis na Bradyrhizobium n'ime mkpo ọka nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ nke ọka, ọka wit, soybean, na agwa akụrụ pụta. 16, 17 Nnyocha egosiwo na inoculation nke Salicornia na Bacillus licheniformis na ndị ọzọ PGPB synergistically na-akwalite uto osisi na nri na-edozi ahụ. 18 Azospirillum brasiliensis Sp7 na Bacillus sphaericus UPMB10 na-akwalite uto nke banana dị ụtọ. N'otu aka ahụ, mkpụrụ fennel na-esi ike itolite n'ihi uto ahịhịa na-adịghị mma na obere germination, karịsịa n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo20. Ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ site na Pseudomonas fluorescens na Trichoderma harzianum na-eme ka mkpụrụ osisi fennel na-eto eto n'oge n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide ọkọchị21. Maka stevia, a na-eduzi ọmụmụ ihe iji nyochaa mmetụta nke mycorrhizal fungi na uto osisi na-akwalite rhizobacteria (PGPR) na ikike nke organism na-eto eto, na-akwakọba metabolites nke abụọ, ma gosipụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-etinye aka na biosynthesis. Dị ka Rahi et al.22 si kwuo, inoculation nke osisi dị iche iche PGPRs ka mma ha ibu, photosynthetic index, na nchịkọta nke stevioside na stevioside A. N'aka nke ọzọ, inoculation nke stevia na osisi na-eto eto-akwalite rhizobia na arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mere ka osisi elu, mineral stevioside, stevi3. Oviedo-Pereira et al.24 kọrọ na endophytes mgbakasị ahụ Enterobacter hormaechei H2A3 na H5A2 mụbara ọdịnaya SG, kpalitere njupụta trichome na epupụta, ma kwalite mkpokọta metabolites kpọmkwem na trichomes, ma ha akwaliteghị uto osisi;
GA3 bụ otu n'ime protein ndị dị ka gibberellin na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ndu31. Exogenous ọgwụgwọ nke stevia na GA3 nwere ike dịkwuo azuokokoosisi elongation na flowering32. N'aka nke ọzọ, ụfọdụ ọmụmụ na-akọ na GA3 bụ inducer na-akpali osisi na-emepụta nke abụọ metabolites dị ka antioxidants na pigmenti, na bụkwa ihe nchebe usoro33.
Mmekọrịta phylogenetic nke ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ n'ihe metụtara ụdị nje ndị ọzọ. Enyere nọmba ntinye GenBank na mbike.
A na-egosi ọrụ Amylase, cellulase na protease dị ka ihe doro anya na gburugburu ógbè ahụ, ebe ọcha na-agbapụta gburugburu ógbè na-egosi ọrụ lipase. Dị ka e gosiri na Tebụl 2, B. paramycoides SrAM4 nwere ike ịmepụta hydrolases niile, ebe B. paralicheniformis SrMA3 nwere ike ịmepụta enzymes niile ma e wezụga cellulase, B. licheniformis SrAM2 na-emepụta naanị cellulase.
Ejikọtala ọtụtụ mkpụrụ ndụ microbial dị mkpa na njikọ metabolite nke abụọ dị na ọgwụ na osisi aromatic74. All enzymatic na ndị na-abụghị enzymatic antioxidants e budata ụba na S. rebaudiana Shou-2 tụnyere njikwa. Mmetụta dị mma nke PGPB na TPC na osikapa ka Chamam et al.75 kọkwara; Ọzọkwa, nsonaazụ anyị kwekọrọ na nsonaazụ TPC, TFC, na DPPH na S. rebaudiana, bụ nke ekwuru na njikọta nke Piriformospora indica na Azotobacter chroococcum76. TPC na TFC77 dị elu nke ukwuu na osisi basil ejiri microorganisms agwọ ya tụnyere osisi anaghị agwọ ya. Ọzọkwa, mmụba nke antioxidants nwere ike ime n'ihi ihe abụọ kpatara ya: enzymes hydrolytic na-akpali usoro nchebe ihe ọkụkụ na-ebute n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka microorganisms pathogenic ruo mgbe osisi ahụ na-adaba na colonization nke nje78. Nke abuo, PGPB nwere ike rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye mmalite nke ntinye nke ogige bioactive guzobere site na ụzọ shikimate na osisi dị elu na microorganisms 79.
Nsonaazụ gosiri na enwere mmekọrịta mmekọrịta n'etiti ọnụ ọgụgụ akwụkwọ, okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na mmepụta SG mgbe a na-ejikọta ọtụtụ nsogbu. N'aka nke ọzọ, inoculation ugboro abụọ dị elu karịa otu inoculation n'ihe gbasara uto na mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ.
Achọpụtara enzymes hydrolytic mgbe ịgbanye nje bacteria na agar media nke nwere mkpụrụ ihe ngosi na incubation na 28 Celsius C maka ụbọchị 2-5. Mgbe etinyere nje bacteria na starch agar media, a na-ekpebi ọrụ amylase site na iji ngwọta iodine 100. Ekpebiri ọrụ cellulase site na iji 0.2% aqueous Congo red reagent dị ka usoro Kianngam et al. 101 . A hụrụ ọrụ protease site na mpaghara doro anya gburugburu obodo ndị e tinyere na mmiri ara ehi agar dị ka Cui et al kọwara. 102 . N'aka nke ọzọ, lipase 100 ka achọpụtara mgbe a gbachara ya na Tween agar medium.
Oge nzipu: Jan-06-2025