Kiwifruit bụ osisi dioecious nke na-achọ pollination maka mkpụrụ osisi nke ụmụ nwanyị setịpụrụ. N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, ndịonye na-ahụ maka uto osisiA na-eji 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) mee ihe na kiwifruit Chinese (Actinidia chinensis var. 'Donghong') iji kwalite mkpụrụ osisi, meziwanye àgwà mkpụrụ osisi na ịbawanye mkpụrụ. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ngwa exogenous nke 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) kpalitere parthenocarpy n'ụzọ dị irè na kiwifruit nke China wee kwalite ogo mkpụrụ osisi. N'ime ụbọchị 140 ka ifuru gachara, ọnụọgụ mkpụrụ osisi parthenocarpic ejiri 2,4-D mee ihe ruru 16.95%. Ọdịdị pollen nke okooko osisi ndị nwanyị na-eji 2,4-D na mmiri dị iche iche, a hụghịkwa ike nke pollen. N'oge ntozu okè, mkpụrụ osisi 2,4-D a na-agwọ dị ntakịrị karịa ndị nọ n'òtù njikwa, na peel ha, anụ ahụ na isi ike ha dị nnọọ iche na ndị nọ na njikwa ahụ. Enweghị ọdịiche dị ịrịba ama na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ na-edozi ahụ n'etiti mkpụrụ osisi 2,4-D na-edozi na mkpụrụ osisi na-achịkwa mgbe ha tozuru okè, ma ihe dị n'ime ihe ọkụkụ nke mkpụrụ osisi 2,4-D dị ala karịa nke mkpụrụ osisi pollinated.
N'afọ adịbeghị anya,Ndị na-ahụ maka uto ihe ọkụkụ (PGR)A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji kpalite parthenocarpy na ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche horticultural. Otú ọ dị, ọmụmụ ihe zuru oke banyere iji ndị na-ahụ maka uto na-eme ka parthenocarpy na kiwi emebeghị. N'akwụkwọ a, a mụrụ mmetụta nke onye na-ahụ maka uto ihe ọkụkụ 2,4-D na parthenocarpy na kiwi nke ụdị Dunghong dị iche iche na mgbanwe na mkpokọta kemịkalụ ya n'ozuzu ya. Nsonaazụ enwetara na-enye ntọala sayensị maka iji ezi uche eme ihe nke ndị na-ahụ maka uto osisi iji meziwanye mkpụrụ osisi kiwi na ogo mkpụrụ osisi n'ozuzu ya.
Emere nnwale ahụ na National Kiwi Germplasm Resource Bank of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences na 2024. A na-ahọrọ osisi Actinidia chinensis 'Donghong' dị afọ ise maka nnwale ahụ, a na-eji 250 na-emepụta ifuru ifuru sitere na osisi ọ bụla dị ka ihe nnwale.
Parthenocarpy na-enye ohere ka mkpụrụ osisi tolite nke ọma na-enweghị pollination, nke dị mkpa karịsịa n'okpuru ọnọdụ pollination. Ọmụmụ ihe a gosiri na parthenocarpy na-enye ohere ịtọ mkpụrụ osisi na mmepe na-enweghị pollination na fatịlaịza, si otú ahụ na-eme ka mmepụta kwụsiri ike n'okpuru ọnọdụ suboptimal. Ikike nke parthenocarpy dabeere na ikike ya ịbawanye mkpụrụ osisi n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi ọjọọ, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ dịkwuo mma na mkpụrụ, karịsịa mgbe ọrụ pollinator dị oke ma ọ bụ na-anọghị. Ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka ọkụ ọkụ, photoperiod, okpomọkụ, na iru mmiri nwere ike imetụta parthenocarpy 2,4-D na kiwifruit. N'okpuru ọnọdụ mechiri emechi ma ọ bụ ndo, mgbanwe na ọnọdụ ọkụ nwere ike iji 2,4-D na-emekọrịta ihe ka ọ gbanwee metabolism auxin endogenous, nke nwere ike ịkwalite ma ọ bụ gbochie mmepe mkpụrụ osisi parthenocarpic dabere na cultivar. Na mgbakwunye, idowe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na iru mmiri kwụsiri ike na gburugburu ebe a na-achịkwa na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ homonụ na ịkwalite ntọala mkpụrụ osisi [39]. A na-eme atụmatụ ọmụmụ n'ọdịnihu iji nyochaa njikarịcha nke ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi (ìhè, okpomọkụ, na iru mmiri) na usoro na-eto eto na-achịkwa iji welie 2,4-D-induced parthenocarpy ka ị na-ejigide àgwà mkpụrụ. Usoro nhazi gburugburu ebe obibi nke parthenocarpy ka na-achọ nyocha ọzọ. Nnyocha egosiwo na obere mkpokọta 2,4-D (5 ppm na 10 ppm) nwere ike ime ka parthenocarpy mee nke ọma na tomato ma mepụta mkpụrụ osisi na-enweghị mkpụrụ [37]. Mkpụrụ osisi Parthenocarpic enweghị mkpụrụ na nke dị elu, na-eme ka ha bụrụ ezigbo nhọrọ maka ndị na-azụ ahịa [38]. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe kiwifruit na-anwale bụ osisi dioecious, ụzọ mmetọ ọdịnala na-achọ enyemaka aka ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Iji dozie nsogbu a, ọmụmụ ihe a na-eji 2,4-D mee ka parthenocarpy na kiwifruit, nke na-egbochi mkpụrụ osisi na-anwụ anwụ nke ọma site na okooko osisi ndị inyom na-enweghị pollinated. Nsonaazụ nnwale gosiri na mkpụrụ osisi a na-emeso ya na 2,4-D mepụtara nke ọma, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ osisi dị obere karịa nke mkpụrụ osisi pollinated nke artificially, na mma mkpụrụ osisi na-abawanye nke ọma. Ya mere, ịkpata parthenocarpy site na ọgwụgwọ hormone nwere ike imeri nsogbu pollination ma mepụta mkpụrụ osisi na-enweghị mkpụrụ, nke dị oke mkpa maka ịkụ azụ ahịa.
N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, a na-enyocha usoro nke 2,4-D (2,4-D) maka mmepe mkpụrụ na-enweghị mkpụrụ na ịdị mma nke cultivar kiwifruit China 'Donghong' nke ọma. Dabere na ọmụmụ gara aga na-egosi na 2,4-D nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ osisi na-enweghị mkpụrụ na kiwifruit pụta, ọmụmụ ihe a bụ iji dokwuo anya mmetụta nchịkwa nke ọgwụgwọ 2,4-D exogenous na mgbanwe mkpụrụ osisi na mmepụta mkpụrụ osisi. Nsonaazụ ahụ kọwapụtara ọrụ nke ndị na-ahụ maka uto osisi na mmepe kiwifruit na-enweghị mkpụrụ ma guzobe usoro ọgwụgwọ 2,4-D nke na-enye ihe ndabere ahụike dị mkpa maka mmepe nke mkpụrụ kiwifruit ọhụrụ na-enweghị mkpụrụ. Ọmụmụ ihe a nwere mmetụta bara uru dị mkpa maka imeziwanye arụmọrụ na nkwado nke ụlọ ọrụ kiwifruit.
Ọmụmụ ihe a gosipụtara ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ 2,4-D n'ịkwalite parthenocarpy na cultivar kiwifruit China 'Donghong'. Achọpụtara njirimara mpụga (gụnyere oke mkpụrụ osisi na nha) yana àgwà dị n'ime (dị ka shuga na ọdịnaya acid) n'oge mmepe mkpụrụ osisi. Ọgwụgwọ na 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D mere ka mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dịkwuo mma site n'ịba ụba ụtọ na ibelata acidity. N'ihi nke a, oke shuga/acid mụbara nke ukwuu, nke mere ka mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dịkwuo mma. Otú ọ dị, ahụrụ ndịiche dị ukwuu n'ịdị arọ mkpụrụ osisi na ihe dị n'ime ihe kpọrọ nkụ n'etiti mkpụrụ osisi 2,4-D-agwọta na mmetọ. Ọmụmụ ihe a na-enye ozi bara uru gbasara mmụba nke parthenocarpy na mkpụrụ osisi na kiwifruit. Ngwa dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọzọ maka ndị na-akụ kiwifruit na-achọ ịmepụta mkpụrụ osisi ma nweta mkpụrụ dị elu na-ejighị ụdị nwoke (pollinated) na pollination artificial.
Oge nzipu: Sep-02-2025