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Osisi mara mma nke nwere ọdịdị mara mma na-adọrọ mmasị nke ukwuu. Otu ụzọ isi mezuo nke a bụ iji ya eme ihe.ndị na-achịkwa uto osisidị ka ngwaọrụ njikwa uto osisi. E mere nnyocha ahụ na Schefflera dwarf (osisi akwụkwọ ịchọ mma) nke ejiri ahịhịa foliar fesa gwọọgibberellic acidna benzyladenine hormone n'ime ụlọ griin haus nke nwere usoro ịgba mmiri mmiri. A fesara hormone ahụ n'akwụkwọ dwarf schefflera na njupụta nke 0, 100 na 200 mg/l n'ime usoro atọ kwa ụbọchị 15. Emere nnwale ahụ na nhazi zuru oke na njupụta anọ. Nchikota nke gibberellic acid na benzyladenine na njupụta nke 200 mg/l nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ, mpaghara akwụkwọ na ịdị elu nke osisi. Ọgwụgwọ a mekwara ka ọdịnaya kachasị elu nke pigments photosynthetic dị. Na mgbakwunye, a hụrụ oke kachasị elu nke carbohydrates na-agbaze na shuga na-ebelata na benzyladenine na 100 na 200 mg/L na gibberellic acid + benzyladenine na 200 mg/L. Nyocha nhazi nzọụkwụ gosiri na olu mgbọrọgwụ bụ ihe mbụ gbanwere na ụdị ahụ, na-akọwa 44% nke mgbanwe ahụ. Ihe na-esote bụ oke mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ, nke ụdị bivariate na-akọwa 63% nke mgbanwe dị na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ. Mmetụta kachasị mma na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ bụ ibu mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ (0.43), nke jikọtara ya na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ (0.47). Nsonaazụ gosiri na gibberellic acid na benzyladenine na mkpokọta nke 200 mg/l mere ka uto morphological, chlorophyll na carotenoid synthesis nke Liriodendron tulipifera dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu, ma belata ọdịnaya nke shuga na carbohydrates na-agbaze.
Schefflera arborescens (Hayata) Merr bụ osisi ịchọ mma na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke ezinụlọ Araliaceae, nke sitere na China na Taiwan1. A na-akụkarị osisi a dị ka osisi ụlọ, mana naanị otu osisi nwere ike itolite n'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ. Akwụkwọ ya nwere site na akwụkwọ nta 5 ruo 16, nke ọ bụla dị 10-20 cm2 n'ogologo. A na-ere Dwarf Schefflera n'ọtụtụ buru ibu kwa afọ, mana a naghị eji usoro ubi ọgbara ọhụrụ eme ihe. Ya mere, iji ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi dị ka ngwaọrụ njikwa dị irè iji melite uto na mmepụta na-adịgide adịgide nke ngwaahịa ubi chọrọ nlebara anya karịa. Taa, ojiji nke ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi amụbaala nke ukwuu3,4,5. Gibberellic acid bụ ihe na-achịkwa uto osisi nke nwere ike ịbawanye mkpụrụ osisi6. Otu n'ime mmetụta ya a maara bụ mkpali nke uto ahịhịa, gụnyere ogologo mgbọrọgwụ na mgbọrọgwụ na mmụba mpaghara akwụkwọ7. Mmetụta kachasị mkpa nke gibberellins bụ mmụba na ogologo ogwe osisi n'ihi ogologo internodes. Ịfesa osisi gibberellin n'elu osisi dwarf nke na-enweghị ike imepụta gibberellins na-eme ka osisi ahụ dịkwuo ogologo ma na-eto ogologo ya8. Ịfesa okooko osisi na akwụkwọ ya na gibberellic acid n'ime mkpokọta 500 mg/l nwere ike ime ka osisi dị elu, ọnụọgụ, obosara na ogologo ya dịkwuo elu9. Akọpụtala na Gibberellins na-akpali uto nke osisi dị iche iche nke akwụkwọ sara mbara10. A hụrụ ogologo osisi na Scots pine (Pinussylvestris) na white spruce (Piceaglauca) mgbe a na-efesa akwụkwọ ya na gibberellic acid11.
Otu nnyocha lere anya na mmetụta nke ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi cytokinin atọ na nhazi alaka dị n'akụkụ na Lily officinalis. E mere nnwale ndị a n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na oge opupu ihe ubi iji mụọ mmetụta oge. Nsonaazụ gosiri na kinetin, benzyladenine na 2-prenyladenine emetụtaghị nhazi alaka ndị ọzọ. Agbanyeghị, benzyladenine ppm 500 mere ka e nwee alaka ndị ọzọ 12.2 na 8.2 n'oge nnwale oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na oge opupu ihe ubi, n'otu n'otu, ma e jiri ya tụnyere alaka 4.9 na 3.9 n'ime osisi ndị na-achịkwa. Ọmụmụ ihe egosila na ọgwụgwọ oge okpomọkụ dị irè karịa nke oge oyi12. Na nnwale ọzọ, Peace Lily var. E jiri benzyladenine ppm 0, 250 na 500 ppm gwọọ osisi Tassone n'ime ite dayameta 10 cm. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọgwụgwọ ala mụbara ọnụọgụ nke akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere osisi ndị a na-achịkwa na benzyladenine. A hụrụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ izu anọ ka e gwọchara ha, a hụkwara mmepụta akwụkwọ kachasị elu izu asatọ ka e gwọchara ha. Mgbe izu iri abụọ gachara ọgwụgwọ, osisi ndị a gwọrọ n'ala nwere mmụba dị elu karịa osisi ndị a gwọrọ tupu oge eruo13. Akọpụtala na benzyladenine na mkpokọta 20 mg/L nwere ike ịbawanye elu osisi na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ na Croton 14 nke ukwuu. Na calla lilies, benzyladenine na mkpokọta 500 ppm mere ka ọnụọgụ alaka dịkwuo elu, ebe ọnụọgụ alaka kacha nta na otu njikwa15. Ebumnuche nke ọmụmụ ihe a bụ inyocha ịgbasa akwụkwọ nke gibberellic acid na benzyladenine iji melite uto nke Schefflera dwarfa, osisi ịchọ mma. Ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi ndị a nwere ike inyere ndị na-akọ ugbo aka ịhazi mmepụta kwesịrị ekwesị n'afọ niile. Emebeghị ọmụmụ ihe iji melite uto nke Liriodendron tulipifera.
E mere nnyocha a n'ime ụlọ nyocha osisi dị n'ime ụlọ nke Mahadum Islamic Azad dị na Jiloft, Iran. E kwadebere mkpụrụ osisi dwarf schefflera nke dị 25 ± 5 cm n'ogologo (a na-agbasa ya ọnwa isii tupu nnwale ahụ) ma kụọ ya n'ime ite. Ite ahụ bụ plastik, oji, dayameta ya bụ 20 cm ma dị 30 cm n'ịdị elu ya bụ 16 cm.
Usoro ọdịbendị n'ọmụmụ ihe a bụ ngwakọta nke peat, humus, ájá a sachara na akpụkpọ osikapa n'ogo nke 1:1:1:1 (site na olu)16. Debe otu akwa okwute n'ala ite ahụ maka mmiri ozuzo. Okpomọkụ ehihie na abalị n'ime griin haus n'oge opupu ihe ubi na ọkọchị bụ 32±2°C na 28±2°C, n'otu n'otu. Iru mmiri dị n'etiti ya na-eru ihe karịrị 70%. Jiri usoro ịgba mmiri maka ịgba mmiri. Na nkezi, a na-agba osisi mmiri ugboro 12 n'ụbọchị. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na oge okpomọkụ, oge ịgba mmiri ọ bụla bụ nkeji 8, oge ịgba mmiri bụ awa 1. A kụrụ osisi n'otu aka ahụ ugboro anọ, izu 2, 4, 6 na 8 mgbe ịghachara mkpụrụ, ya na ihe ngwọta micronutrient (Ghoncheh Co., Iran) na mkpokọta nke 3 ppm ma gbaa mmiri na 100 ml nke ihe ngwọta oge ọ bụla. Ihe ngwọta nri ahụ nwere N 8 ppm, P 4 ppm, K 5 ppm na ihe ndị ọzọ Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Mo na B.
E kwadebere mkpokọta atọ nke gibberellic acid na benzyladenine (azụtara n'aka Sigma) na 0, 100 na 200 mg/L ma fesa ya na mkpụrụ osisi n'ime usoro atọ n'etiti ụbọchị 15. E jiri ihe ngwọta ahụ mee ihe n'etiti 20 (0.1%) (azụtara n'aka Sigma) iji mee ka ọ dị ogologo ndụ ma na-amịkọrọ mmiri. N'isi ụtụtụ, fesa homonụ na mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ Liriodendron tulipifera site na iji ihe na-agba mmiri. A na-efesa osisi na mmiri a gwakọtara agwakọta.
Ogologo osisi, dayameta nke osisi, mpaghara akwụkwọ, ọdịnaya chlorophyll, ọnụọgụ internodes, ogologo nke alaka nke abụọ, ọnụọgụ nke alaka nke abụọ, olu mgbọrọgwụ, ogologo mgbọrọgwụ, oke nke akwụkwọ, mgbọrọgwụ, ogwe osisi na ihe ọhụrụ kpọrọ nkụ, ọdịnaya nke pigments photosynthetic (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b) Chlorophyll zuru oke, carotenoids, pigments zuru oke), mbelata shuga na carbohydrates na-agbaze na ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche.
A tụrụ ọdịnaya chlorophyll nke akwụkwọ ndị na-eto eto ụbọchị 180 ka e fesasịrị ya site na iji mita chlorophyll (Spad CL-01) site na elekere 9:30 ruo elekere 10 nke ụtụtụ (n'ihi na akwụkwọ ọhụrụ ya dị ọhụrụ). Na mgbakwunye, a tụrụ mpaghara akwụkwọ ahụ ụbọchị 180 ka e fesasịrị ya. Tụọ akwụkwọ atọ site n'elu, etiti na ala nke ogwe osisi ahụ site na ite ọ bụla. A na-eji akwụkwọ ndị a eme ihe dị ka ndebiri na akwụkwọ A4 ma bepụ ụkpụrụ sitere na ya. A tụkwara ibu na elu nke otu mpempe akwụkwọ A4. Mgbe ahụ, a na-agbakọ mpaghara nke akwụkwọ ndị a gbajiri agbaji site na iji nha. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji silinda agbakọchara agbakọ chọpụta olu nke mgbọrọgwụ ahụ. A tụrụ ibu nke akwụkwọ, ibu nke ogwe osisi kpọrọ nkụ, ibu nke mgbọrọgwụ kpọrọ nkụ, na oke akọrọ nke ihe nlele ọ bụla site na ịkpọ nkụ oven na 72°C ruo awa 48.
A tụrụ ọdịnaya nke chlorophyll na carotenoids site na usoro Lichtenthaler18. Iji mee nke a, a gwere 0.1 g nke akwụkwọ ọhụrụ n'ime ite porcelain nke nwere 15 ml nke 80% acetone, mgbe a sachara ya, a tụrụ njupụta anya ha site na iji spectrophotometer na ogologo ebili mmiri nke 663.2, 646.8 na 470 nm. Hazie ngwaọrụ ahụ site na iji acetone 80%. Gbakọọ mkpokọta nke agba photosynthetic site na iji usoro ndị a:
N'ime ha, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T na Car na-anọchite anya chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll zuru oke na carotenoids, n'otu n'otu. A na-egosi nsonaazụ ya na mg/ml osisi.
A tụrụ shuga dị ala site na iji usoro Somogy19. Iji mee nke a, a na-agweri 0.02 g nke ome osisi n'ime ite porcelain na 10 ml nke mmiri a gwakọtara agwakọta ma wụsa ya n'ime obere iko. Kpoo iko ahụ ka ọ sie wee hichaa ihe dị n'ime ya site na iji akwụkwọ nzacha Whatman Nke 1 iji nweta ihe e si na ya wepụta. Tinye 2 ml nke ihe e si na ya wepụta n'ime tube nnwale ma tinye 2 ml nke ihe e si na ya wepụta ọla kọpa sulfate. Kpuchie tube nnwale ahụ na ajị owu ma kpoo ya ọkụ n'ime mmiri ịsa ahụ na 100°C maka nkeji 20. N'oge a, a na-agbanwe Cu2+ ka ọ bụrụ Cu2O site na mbelata nke aldehyde monosaccharide ma a na-ahụ agba salmon (terracotta) n'ala nke tube nnwale ahụ. Mgbe tube nnwale ahụ jụrụ oyi, tinye 2 ml nke phosphomolybdic acid ma agba anụnụ anụnụ ga-apụta. Ma jijiji tube ahụ nke ọma ruo mgbe agba ahụ ga-ekesa n'otu ụzọ ahụ n'ime tube ahụ dum. Gụọ nnabata nke ihe ngwọta ahụ na 600 nm site na iji spectrophotometer.
Gbakọọ mkpokọta nke ibelata shuga site na iji usoro ọkọlọtọ. E jiri usoro Fales20 chọpụta njupụta nke carbohydrates na-agbaze agbaze. Iji mee nke a, a gwakọtara 0.1 g nke ome na 2.5 ml nke ethanol 80% na 90 °C maka nkeji 60 (usoro abụọ nke nkeji 30 nke ọ bụla) iji wepụta carbohydrates na-agbaze agbaze. A na-asacha ihe ewepụtara ahụ ma wụpụ mmanya ahụ. A na-agbaze ihe ewepụtara na 2.5 ml nke mmiri a gwakọtara agwakọta. Wụsa 200 ml nke ihe nlele ọ bụla n'ime tube nnwale ma tinye 5 ml nke ihe ngosi anthrone. E tinyere ngwakọta ahụ n'ime mmiri ịsa ahụ na 90 °C maka nkeji 17, mgbe ọ jụrụ oyi, a chọpụtara na ọ na-amịkọrọ ya na 625 nm.
Nnwale ahụ bụ nnwale factorial dabere na nhazi zuru oke nke nwere mmegharị anọ. A na-eji usoro PROC UNIVARIATE enyocha otú nkesa data si dị tupu nyocha nke ọdịiche. Nyocha ọnụọgụgụ malitere site na nyocha ọnụọgụgụ nkọwa iji ghọta ịdị mma nke data amịkọrọ. Emebere mgbakọ na mwepụ iji mee ka nnukwu data dị mfe ma kpakọọ iji mee ka ha dịkwuo mfe ịkọwa. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e mere nyocha ndị ka mgbagwoju anya. E mere nnwale Duncan site na iji ngwanrọ SPSS (mbipụta 24; IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) iji gbakọọ nkezi squares na njehie nnwale iji chọpụta ọdịiche dị n'etiti setịpụ data. E jiri ule Duncan (DMRT) chọpụta ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụzọ na ọkwa dị mkpa nke (0.05 ≤ p). E jiri ngwanrọ SPSS (mbipụta 26; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) gbakọọ Pearson correlation coefficient (r) iji nyochaa njikọ dị n'etiti ụzọ abụọ nke paramita. Na mgbakwunye, e mere nyocha regression linear site na iji ngwanrọ SPSS (v.26) iji buru amụma uru nke mgbanwe afọ mbụ dabere na ụkpụrụ nke mgbanwe afọ nke abụọ. N'aka nke ọzọ, e mere nyocha mgbanwe nzọụkwụ site na p < 0.01 iji chọpụta àgwà ndị na-emetụta akwụkwọ dwarf schefflera nke ọma. E mere nyocha ụzọ iji chọpụta mmetụta kpọmkwem na nke na-apụtaghị ìhè nke njirimara ọ bụla dị na ihe nlereanya ahụ (dabere na njirimara ndị na-akọwa mgbanwe nke ọma). Ejiri ngwanrọ SPSS V.26 mee mgbakọ niile dị n'elu (nkịtị nke nkesa data, njikọ dị mfe, nlọghachi nzọụkwụ na nyocha ụzọ).
Ihe atụ osisi ndị a kụrụ n'ubi ahọpụtara dabara na ntuziaka ụlọ ọrụ, mba na mba ụwa na iwu ime obodo nke Iran.
Tebụl 1 na-egosi ọnụọgụgụ nkọwa nke nkezi, ọdịiche ọkọlọtọ, opekempe, oke kachasị, oke, na ọnụọgụgụ mgbanwe (CV) maka àgwà dị iche iche. N'ime ọnụọgụgụ ndị a, CV na-enye ohere iji tụnyere njirimara n'ihi na ọ nweghị nha. Ibelata shuga (40.39%), oke nkụ mgbọrọgwụ (37.32%), oke ọhụrụ mgbọrọgwụ (37.30%), oke shuga na shuga (30.20%) na olu mgbọrọgwụ (30%) bụ nke kachasị elu. na ọdịnaya chlorophyll (9.88%). ) na mpaghara akwụkwọ nwere ndepụta kachasị elu (11.77%) ma nwee uru CV kacha ala. Tebụl 1 na-egosi na oke mmiri dum nwere oke kachasị elu. Agbanyeghị, àgwà a enweghị CV kachasị elu. Ya mere, a ga-eji nha enweghị nha dịka CV tụnyere mgbanwe njirimara. CV dị elu na-egosi nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọgwụgwọ maka àgwà a. Nsonaazụ nke nnwale a gosiri nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọgwụgwọ shuga dị ala na ibu nkụ mgbọrọgwụ, ibu mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ, oke carbohydrate-na-shuga, na njirimara olu mgbọrọgwụ.
Nsonaazụ ANOVA gosiri na ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ, ịgbasa akwụkwọ osisi na gibberellic acid na benzyladenine nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ịdị elu osisi, ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ, mpaghara akwụkwọ, olu mgbọrọgwụ, ogologo mgbọrọgwụ, ndeksi chlorophyll, ibu ọhụrụ na ibu kpọrọ nkụ.
Ntụnyere nke uru nkezi gosiri na ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịdị elu osisi na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ. Ọgwụgwọ kachasị dị irè bụ gibberellic acid na mkpokọta 200 mg/l na gibberellic acid + benzyladenine na mkpokọta 200 mg/l. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ, ịdị elu osisi na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ya mụbara ugboro 32.92 na ugboro 62.76, n'otu n'otu (Tebụl 2).
Mpaghara akwụkwọ ahụ mụbara nke ukwuu n'ụdị dị iche iche ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ, ebe mmụba kachasị elu a hụrụ na 200 mg/l maka gibberellic acid, na-eru 89.19 cm2. Nsonaazụ gosiri na mpaghara akwụkwọ ahụ mụbara nke ukwuu ka mmụba nke ihe na-achịkwa uto na-abawanye (Tebụl 2).
Ọgwụgwọ niile mụbara olu mgbọrọgwụ na ogologo ya nke ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ. Nchikota nke gibberellic acid + benzyladenine nwere mmetụta kachasị ukwuu, na-eme ka olu na ogologo nke mgbọrọgwụ ahụ dịkwuo ọkara ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ (Tebụl 2).
A hụrụ uru kachasị elu nke dayameta ogwe osisi na ogologo internode na ọgwụgwọ njikwa na gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/l, n'otu n'otu.
Ndekọ chlorophyll mụbara n'ụdị dị iche iche ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ. A hụrụ uru kachasị elu nke àgwà a mgbe ejiri gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/l gwọọ ya, nke dị elu karịa njikwa ahụ site na 30.21% (Tebụl 2).
Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọgwụgwọ ahụ butere nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'ọdịdị agba, mbelata na shuga na carbohydrates na-agbaze.
Ọgwụgwọ ejiri gibberellic acid + benzyladenine mee mere ka e nwee oke ọdịnaya nke agba photosynthetic. Ihe ịrịba ama a dị elu nke ukwuu n'ụdị dị iche iche karịa nke dị na njikwa ahụ.
Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọgwụgwọ niile nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya chlorophyll nke Schefflera dwarf dịkwuo elu. Agbanyeghị, a hụrụ uru kachasị elu nke àgwà a na ọgwụgwọ gibberellic acid + benzyladenine, nke dị elu karịa 36.95% karịa njikwa (Tebụl 3).
Nsonaazụ maka chlorophyll b yiri nke ahụ kpọmkwem na nsonaazụ maka chlorophyll a, naanị ihe dị iche bụ mmụba nke ọdịnaya chlorophyll b, nke dị elu karịa 67.15% karịa na njikwa (Tebụl 3).
Ọgwụgwọ ahụ butere mmụba dị ukwuu na chlorophyll zuru oke ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ. Ọgwụgwọ ejiri gibberellic acid 200 mg/l + benzyladenine 100 mg/l dugara na uru kachasị elu nke àgwà a, nke dị elu karịa njikwa ahụ site na 50% (Tebụl 3). Dịka nsonaazụ si dị, njikwa na ọgwụgwọ na benzyladenine na dose nke 100 mg/l dugara na ọnụego kachasị elu nke àgwà a. Liriodendron tulipifera nwere uru kachasị elu nke carotenoids (Tebụl 3).
Nsonaazụ gosiri na mgbe ejiri gibberellic acid gwọọ ya na mkpokọta 200 mg/L, ọdịnaya chlorophyll mụbara nke ukwuu ruo chlorophyll b (Foto 1).
Mmetụta nke gibberellic acid na benzyladenine na a/b Ch. Oke nke dwarf schefflera. (GA3: gibberellic acid na BA: benzyladenine). Otu mkpụrụedemede dị na eserese ọ bụla na-egosi na ọdịiche ahụ adịghị mkpa (P < 0.01).
Mmetụta nke ọgwụgwọ ọ bụla nwere n'ibu ọhụrụ na nke kpọrọ nkụ nke osisi dwarf schefflera dị elu nke ukwuu karịa nke njikwa ahụ. Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine na 200 mg/L bụ ọgwụgwọ kachasị dị irè, na-eme ka ibu ọhụrụ dịkwuo elu site na 138.45% ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ, ọgwụgwọ niile ewezuga 100 mg/L benzyladenine mụbara ibu akọrọ nke ukwuu, na 200 mg/L gibberellic acid + benzyladenine rụpụtara uru kachasị elu maka àgwà a (Tebụl 4).
Ọtụtụ n'ime ụdị dị iche iche dị iche na njikwa ahụ n'akụkụ a, yana ọnụ ahịa kachasị elu nke 100 na 200 mg/l benzyladenine na 200 mg/l gibberellic acid + benzyladenine (Foto 2).
Mmetụta nke gibberellic acid na benzyladenine na oke nke carbohydrates na-agbaze agbaze na mbelata shuga na dwarf schefflera. (GA3: gibberellic acid na BA: benzyladenine). Otu mkpụrụedemede dị na ọnụọgụgụ ọ bụla egosighi nnukwu ọdịiche (P < 0.01).
E mere nyocha mgbanwe nzọụkwụ iji chọpụta njirimara ndị dị adị ma ghọta nke ọma mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mgbanwe ndị na-adabereghị onwe ha na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ dị na Liriodendron tulipifera. Olu mgbọrọgwụ bụ mgbanwe mbụ e tinyere n'ime ihe nlereanya ahụ, na-akọwa 44% nke mgbanwe ahụ. Mgbanwe ọzọ bụ ibu mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ, mgbanwe abụọ a kọwara 63% nke mgbanwe dị na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ (Tebụl 5).
E mere nyocha ụzọ iji kọwaa mgbanwe nzọụkwụ nke ọma (Tebụl 6 na Foto 3). Mmetụta kachasị mma na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ jikọtara ya na oke mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ (0.43), nke ejikọtara ya na nọmba akwụkwọ (0.47). Nke a na-egosi na àgwà a na-emetụta mkpụrụ ozugbo, ebe mmetụta ya na-apụtaghị ìhè site na àgwà ndị ọzọ adịghị mma, nakwa na enwere ike iji àgwà a dị ka ihe achọrọ na mmemme ọmụmụ maka dwarf schefflera. Mmetụta kpọmkwem nke olu mgbọrọgwụ adịghị mma (−0.67). Mmetụta nke àgwà a na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ bụ kpọmkwem, mmetụta na-apụtaghị ìhè adịghị mkpa. Nke a na-egosi na ka olu mgbọrọgwụ buru ibu, otú ahụ ka ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ pere mpe.
Foto nke 4 na-egosi mgbanwe dị na mgbanwe ahịrị nke olu mgbọrọgwụ na ibelata shuga. Dịka ọnụọgụgụ mgbanwe si dị, mgbanwe nke otu ọ bụla na ogologo mgbọrọgwụ na carbohydrates na-agbaze pụtara na olu mgbọrọgwụ na mbelata shuga na-agbanwe site na nkeji 0.6019 na 0.311.
E gosiri ọnụọgụgụ mmekọrịta Pearson nke àgwà uto na eserese nke 5. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọnụọgụgụ akwụkwọ na ogologo osisi (0.379*) nwere njikọ na mkpa kachasị elu.
Maapụ okpomọkụ nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mgbanwe dị iche iche na njikọ ọnụego uto. # Axis Y: 1-Index Ch., 2-Internode, 3-LAI, 4-N nke akwụkwọ, 5-Ike nke ụkwụ, 6-Stem dayameta. # N'akụkụ X axis: A - index H., B - anya dị n'etiti nodes, C - LAY, D - N. nke akwụkwọ, E - elu nke ụkwụ trauser, F - dayameta nke ogwe.
E gosiri Pearson correction coefficient maka njirimara metụtara ibu mmiri na eserese nke 6. Nsonaazụ ya na-egosi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ibu mmiri akwụkwọ na ibu mmiri dị n'elu ala (0.834**), ibu mmiri kpọrọ nkụ zuru oke (0.913**) na ibu mmiri kpọrọ nkụ mgbọrọgwụ (0.562*). . Oke mmiri kpọrọ nkụ zuru oke nwere njikọ kachasị elu na nke kachasị mkpa na oke mmiri kpọrọ nkụ (0.790**) na oke mmiri kpọrọ nkụ mgbọrọgwụ (0.741**).
Maapụ ọkụ nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mgbanwe njikọ ibu ọhụrụ. # Axis Y: 1 - ibu nke akwụkwọ ọhụrụ, 2 - ibu nke mkpụrụ ọhụrụ, 3 - ibu nke mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ, 4 - ibu zuru oke nke akwụkwọ ọhụrụ. # Axis X na-anọchite anya: A - ibu akwụkwọ ọhụrụ, B - ibu ọhụrụ nke mkpụrụ, CW - ibu ọhụrụ nke mgbọrọgwụ, D - ibu zuru oke nke mkpokọta.
E gosiri ihe ndị metụtara ịdị arọ akọrọ nke Pearson na eserese nke 7. Nsonaazụ ya na-egosi na ịdị arọ akwụkwọ kpọrọ nkụ, ịdị arọ akwụkwọ kpọrọ nkụ (0.848**) na ịdị arọ kpọrọ nkụ zuru oke (0.947**), ịdị arọ akwụkwọ kpọrọ nkụ (0.854**) na oke akọrọ zuru oke (0.781**) nwere uru kachasị elu. njikọ dị mma na njikọ dị mkpa.
Maapụ okpomọkụ nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mgbanwe njikọ oke ibu akọrọ. # Axis Y na-anọchite anya: 1-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ, 2-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ, 3-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ, 4-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ. # Axis X: A-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ, B-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ, CW-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ, D-akwụkwọ arọ akọrọ.
E gosiri Pearson correlation coefficient nke njirimara pigment na eserese nke 8. Nsonaazụ ya na-egosi na chlorophyll a na chlorophyll b (0.716**), mkpokọta chlorophyll (0.968**) na mkpokọta pigments (0.954**); chlorophyll b na mkpokọta chlorophyll (0.868**) na mkpokọta pigments (0.851**); mkpokọta chlorophyll nwere njikọ kachasị mma na nke dị mkpa na mkpokọta pigments (0.984**).
Maapụ okpomọkụ nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mgbanwe njikọ chlorophyll. # Axes Y: 1- Ọwa a, 2- Ọwa. b,3 – a/b ratio, ọwa 4. Ngụkọta, 5-carotenoids, 6-mkpụrụ pigments. # X-Axes: A-Ch. aB-Ch. b,C- a/b ratio, D-Ch. Ngụkọta ọdịnaya, E-carotenoids, F-mkpụrụ nke pigments.
Dwarf Schefflera bụ osisi a ma ama n'ụwa niile, uto na mmepe ya na-enweta nnukwu nlebara anya ugbu a. Ojiji nke ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi butere nnukwu ọdịiche, yana ọgwụgwọ niile na-eme ka elu osisi dịkwuo elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-achịkwa ogologo osisi site na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, nnyocha na-egosi na itinye ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi nwere ike ịbawanye ma ọ bụ belata elu osisi. Ogologo osisi na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ejiri gibberellic acid + benzyladenine gwọọ 200 mg/L bụ nke kachasị elu, na-eru 109 cm na 38.25, n'otu n'otu. Dịka ọmụmụ ihe ndị gara aga (SalehiSardoei et al.52) na Spathiphyllum23 si kwuo, a hụrụ mmụba yiri nke ahụ na ogologo osisi n'ihi ọgwụgwọ gibberellic acid na marigolds a kpụkọrọ akpụkọ, albus alba21, daylilies22, daylilies, agarwood na peace lilies.
Asịd Gibberellic (GA) na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ usoro anụ ahụ nke osisi. Ha na-akpali nkewa sel, ịgbatị sel, ịgbatị stem na mmụba nha24. GA na-akpali nkewa sel na ịgbatị na apice na meristems25. Mgbanwe akwụkwọ gụnyekwara mbelata ọkpụrụkpụ stem, obere nha akwụkwọ, na agba akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-egbuke egbuke26. Ọmụmụ ihe ndị e ji ihe mgbochi ma ọ bụ ihe mkpali egosila na ion calcium sitere na isi mmalite dị n'ime na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị ozi nke abụọ na ụzọ mgbama gibberellin na sorghum corolla27. HA na-eme ka ogologo osisi dịkwuo elu site n'ịkpalite njikọ nke enzymes ndị na-eme ka mgbidi sel zuru ike, dị ka XET ma ọ bụ XTH, expansins na PME28. Nke a na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ dịkwuo ibu ka mgbidi sel na-ezu ike ma mmiri abanye na cell29. Itinye GA7, GA3 na GA4 nwere ike ime ka ogologo stem dịkwuo elu30,31. Asịd Gibberellic na-akpata ogologo stem na osisi dwarf, na na osisi rosette ọ na-egbochi uto akwụkwọ na ogologo internode32. Agbanyeghị, tupu oge ọmụmụ nwa, ogologo ogwe osisi ahụ na-abawanye ruo okpukpu anọ–5 nke ịdị elu mbụ ya33. A chịkọtara usoro nke biosynthesis GA na osisi na Foto 9.
Usoro mmepụta GA n'ime osisi na ọkwa nke GA sitere n'okike nke sitere n'okike nke endogenous, ihe nnọchianya nke osisi (n'aka nri) na usoro mmepụta GA (n'aka ekpe). A na-agba akụ ndị ahụ ka ha kwekọọ n'ụdị HA egosiri n'ụzọ biosynthesis; akụ uhie na-egosi mbelata ọkwa GC n'ihi ebe a na-etinye ha n'ime akụkụ ahụ osisi, akụ ojii na-egosikwa mmụba ọkwa GC. N'ọtụtụ osisi, dị ka osikapa na anyụ, ọdịnaya GA dị elu na ntọala ma ọ bụ akụkụ ala nke akwụkwọ ahụ30. Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ akụkọ na-egosi na ọdịnaya GA sitere n'okike na-ebelata ka akwụkwọ na-agbatị site na ntọala ahụ34. A maghị kpọmkwem ọkwa gibberellins n'ọnọdụ ndị a.
Ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi na-emetụtakwa ọnụọgụ na mpaghara akwụkwọ. Nsonaazụ ya gosiri na mmụba nke ntinye nke onye na-achịkwa uto osisi butere mmụba dị ukwuu na mpaghara na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ. Akọpụtala na Benzyladinine na-eme ka mmepụta akwụkwọ calla dịkwuo elu15. Dịka nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ a si dị, ọgwụgwọ niile mere ka mpaghara na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ dịkwuo mma. Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine bụ ọgwụgwọ kachasị dị irè ma butere ọnụọgụ na mpaghara akwụkwọ kachasị ukwuu. Mgbe ị na-akụ dwarf schefflera n'ime ụlọ, enwere ike inwe mmụba a na-ahụ anya na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ.
Ọgwụgwọ GA3 mụbara ogologo internode ma e jiri ya tụnyere benzyladenine (BA) ma ọ bụ enweghị ọgwụgwọ homonụ. Nsonaazụ a bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya ebe ọ bụ na GA na-akwalite uto7. Uto osisi gosikwara nsonaazụ yiri ya. Gibberellic acid mụbara ogologo nke ogwe osisi ahụ mana belatara dayameta ya. Agbanyeghị, iji BA na GA3 eme ihe jikọtara ọnụ mụbara ogologo ogwe osisi ahụ nke ukwuu. Mmụba a dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere osisi ejiri BA gwọọ ma ọ bụ na-enweghị hormone ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na gibberellic acid na cytokinins (CK) na-akwalite uto osisi, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ ha nwere mmetụta dị iche na usoro dị iche iche35. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a hụrụ mmekọrịta na-adịghị mma na mmụba nke ogologo hypocotyl na osisi ejiri GA na BA36 gwọọ. N'aka nke ọzọ, BA mụbara olu mgbọrọgwụ nke ukwuu (Tebụl 1). Akọpụtala mmụba olu mgbọrọgwụ n'ihi BA nke mpụga n'ọtụtụ osisi (dịka ọmụmaatụ ụdị Dendrobium na Orchid)37,38.
Ọgwụgwọ homonụ niile mụbara ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ. Mmụba eke na mpaghara akwụkwọ na ogologo osisi site na ọgwụgwọ njikọta bụ ihe a na-achọsi ike n'ahịa. Ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ bụ ihe ngosi dị mkpa nke uto ahịhịa. Ejibeghị hormones mpụga eme ihe na mmepụta azụmaahịa nke Liriodendron tulipifera. Agbanyeghị, mmetụta na-akwalite uto nke GA na CK, nke etinyere na nhazi, nwere ike inye nghọta ọhụrụ n'imeziwanye ịkọ osisi a. N'ụzọ dị mkpa, mmetụta synergistic nke ọgwụgwọ BA + GA3 dị elu karịa nke GA ma ọ bụ BA enyere naanị ya. Gibberellic acid na-eme ka ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ dịkwuo elu. Ka akwụkwọ ọhụrụ na-etolite, ịbawanye ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ nwere ike igbochi uto akwụkwọ39. Akọpụtala na GA na-eme ka mbufe nke sucrose si na sink gaa na akụkụ ahụ ndị sitere na ya40,41. Na mgbakwunye, itinye GA na osisi ndị na-adịgide adịgide nwere ike ịkwalite uto nke akụkụ ahụ dị ka akwụkwọ na mgbọrọgwụ, si otú a gbochie mgbanwe site na uto ahịhịa gaa na uto ọmụmụ42.
Mmetụta nke GA na mmụba nke ihe kpọrọ nkụ osisi nwere ike ịkọwa site na mmụba nke fotosintesis n'ihi mmụba nke mpaghara akwụkwọ43. A kọrọ na GA na-akpata mmụba na mpaghara akwụkwọ nke Maize34. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ịbawanye mkpokọta BA ruo 200 mg/L nwere ike ime ka ogologo na ọnụọgụ nke alaka abụọ na olu mgbọrọgwụ dịkwuo elu. Gibberellic acid na-emetụta usoro sel dịka ịkpalite nkewa sel na ịgbatị, si otú a na-eme ka uto ahịhịa dịkwuo mma43. Na mgbakwunye, HA na-agbasa mgbidi sel site na ịmịnye starch ka ọ bụrụ shuga, si otú a na-ebelata ikike mmiri nke sel, na-eme ka mmiri banye na sel ma mechaa mee ka sel dịkwuo ogologo44.
Oge ozi: Jun-11-2024