Lambda-cyhalothrin, nke a makwaara dị ka cyhalothrin na kungfu cyhalothrin, bụ nke ndị otu AR Jutsum mepụtara nke ọma na 1984. Usoro ọrụ ya bụ ịgbanwe ikike nke akpụkpọ ahụ akwara ụmụ ahụhụ, igbochi njikọ nke axon akwara ụmụ ahụhụ, bibie ọrụ neuron site na mmekọrịta na ọwa sodium ion, mee ka ahụhụ ahụ na-egbu egbu gabiga ókè, kpọnwụọ ma nwụọ, ma nwee ike igbu nje ahụ ngwa ngwa. Lambda-cyhalothrin nwere njirimara nke spectrum igbu ahụhụ sara mbara, ọrụ dị elu na ogologo oge mmetụta, ọ dịkwa mma maka ịchịkwa ihe ọkụkụ dịka ọka wit, ọka, osisi mkpụrụ osisi, owu, akwụkwọ nri cruciferous, wdg.
1 Ọnọdụ bụ isi
高效氯氟氰菊酯Aha Bekee: Lambda-cyhalothrin; Usoro molekụla: C23H19ClF3NO3; Ebe esi mmiri: 187~190℃/0.2 mmHg; Nọmba CAS: 91465-08-633.
E gosiri usoro ngwaahịa ahụ na eserese 1.
Foto 1 Usoro nhazi nke beta-cyhalothrin
2 Ihe mgbaru ọsọ njikwa na nsí
Beta-cyhalothrin nwere mmetụta igbu mmadụ na nsị afọ, ọ na-enwekwa mmetụta mgbochi ụfọdụ na enweghị mmetụta sistemụ. Ọ nwere mmetụta dị mma na njikwa na ahụhụ ndị na-ata ọnụ dịka larvae Lepidoptera na ụfọdụ ụmụ ahụhụ Coleoptera, a pụkwara iji ya maka njikwa nke ụmụ ahụhụ ndị na-amịpụta ọnụ dịka pear psyllium. Isi ihe na-achịkwa beta-cyhalothrin bụ midges, armyworms, corn borers, beet armyworms, heartworms, leaf rollers, armyworms, swallowtail butterflies, fruit armyworms, owu bollworms, red bollworms, cabbage caterpillars, wdg. Na ahịhịa, ahịhịa na ihe ubi akọrọ, ọ nwere ike igbochi ma chịkwaa ahịhịa borer, wdg. Jiri oge na mpaghara dị iche iche nke ụwa: China, ọkachasị site na Machị ruo Ọgọst; Ndịda/North America, site na Machị ruo Mee na Septemba ruo Disemba; Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia, site na Disemba ruo Mee; Yuropu, site na Machị ruo Mee na Septemba ruo Disemba ọnwa.
3 Usoro njikọta na ihe ndị dị n'etiti
(1) Njikọ nke trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid chloride
Acid Trifluorochlorochrysanthemum (Kung fu acid) na-emeghachi omume na thionyl chloride, na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha ma na-agbanwe agbanwe iji nweta trifluorochlorochrysanthemic acid chloride.
(2) Nchikota nke mmanụ chlorofluorocyanide
A na-emepụta Chlorofluroyl chloride, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde (ether aldehyde) na sodium cyanide iji nweta mmanụ chlorofluorocyanide n'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe na-akpali akpali.
(3) Mmepụta nke beta-cyhalothrin
N'okpuru ọrụ nke amine organic, chlorofluorocyanide dị nro na-enweta epimerization iji mepụta beta-cyhalothrin.
4 Ọnọdụ ahịa obodo
Dịka ajụjụ China Pesticide Information Network si kwuo, dịka ọ dị na Mee 20, 2022, ọnụọgụgụ ndebanye aha teknụzụ alpha-cyhalothrin dị 45, ihe ndị edebanyere aha ha dịkwa 81%, 95%, 97%, 96%, na 98%. N'ime ha, ndebanye aha nwere ọdịnaya 95%, 96%, na 98% bụ nnukwu oke.
Dịka ajụjụ China Pesticide Information Network si kwuo, dịka ọ dị na Mee 20, 2022. Data ndebanye aha n'ime obodo nke nkwadebe beta-cyhalothrin na-egosi na enwere ngwakọta otu dose, nke 621 bụ otu dose na 216 bụ ngwakọta. Otu dose: 621 edebanyere aha, nkwadebe ndị bụ isi bụ 2.5%, 2.7%, 5%, 25g/L microemulsion, 5%, 10%, 25g/L, 2.5% mmiri emulsion, 5%, 2.5%, 25% g/L, 50 g/L EC, 25%, 10%, 2.5% WP, 2.5%, 10%, 25 g/L microcapsule suspension, wdg. Ngwakọta ndị mejupụtara: 216 edebanyere aha, ọkachasị na Acitretin, Acitrate, Thiamethoxam, Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Phoxim, Triazophos, Dextromethrin, Pymetrozine na ihe ndị ọzọ mejupụtara ngwaahịa. Ụdị usoro ọgwụgwọ bụ isi: 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 22%, 44% mmiri emulsion, 16%, 20%, 25%, 26% EC, 15%, 22%, 30% ihe na-egbochi nkwụsịtụ, 2%, 5%, 10%, 12%, 30% microemulsion, 2%, 4% granules, 4.5%, 22%, 24%, 30% ntụ ntụ mmiri mmiri, wdg.
5 Ọnọdụ ahịa mba ofesi
5.1 Ndebanye aha nke nkwadebe mba ofesi
Ọgwụ otu ọgwụ e debara aha bụ 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 2.5% EC, 2.5%, 10% WP.
Ngwakọta ndị bụ isi bụ: beta-cyhalothrin 9.4% + thiamethoxam 12.6% microcapsule suspension, beta-cyhalothrin 1.7% + abamectin 0.3% EC, thiamethoxam 14.1% + chlorofluorocarbon dị elu Cypermethrin 10.6% ihe na-egbochi, Acetamiprid 2% + Beta-cyhalothrin 1.5% EC.
5.2 Mbupụ nke China
Site na 2015 ruo 2019, ụlọ ọrụ 582 wepụtara ngwaahịa teknụzụ na nkwadebe cyhalothrin dị elu, ebe ọnụ ahịa mbupụ nke ụlọ ọrụ iri kachasị elu bụ 45% nke mkpokọta ọnụ ahịa mbupụ (mkpokọta afọ 5). E depụtara ụlọ ọrụ iri kachasị elu na Tebụl 2.
Nkezi olu mbupụ ihe eji eme ihe teknụzụ bụ tọn 2,400 kwa afọ, olu mbupụ kachasị elu bụ tọn 3,000 kwa afọ. Olu mbupụ amụbaala kwa afọ site na 2015 ruo 2019. Nkezi olu mbupụ ihe eji eme ...
Site na 2015 ruo 2019, e zigara ngwaahịa teknụzụ na nkwadebe nke cyhalothrin na ahịa 77. Ahịa ise kachasị elu bụ United States, Belgium, India, Argentina, na Pakistan. Ahịa ise kachasị elu bụ 57% nke mkpokọta mbupụ China. (Afọ ise na-agbakọ).
Usoro ahịa kachasị ọhụrụ isii
Dịka ndị nta akụkọ si kwuo, na Mee 7, 2022, oge mpaghara, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ubi nke ụlọ ọrụ India Bharat Rasayan, nke na-emepụtakarị ngwaahịa pyrethroid na ihe ndị yiri ya, gbara ọkụ mgbe ihe gbawara na boiler.
India bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ọgwụ ahụhụ na-abụghị nke patent n'ụwa, nke nwere ikike mmepụta nke ihe ndị dị mkpa nke ngwaahịa pyrethroid, methyl betanate na ether aldehyde, dị elu. Na 2021, Bharat Rasayan ga-ebupụ mkpokọta ihe karịrị tọn 6,000 nke ọgwụ teknụzụ, nkwadebe na ihe ndị dị n'etiti, nke 61% bụ ọgwụ teknụzụ, 13% nkwadebe na 26% ihe ndị dị n'etiti (karịsịa pyrethroid intermediates). Dịka ihe dị mkpa maka imepụta ọgwụ ahụhụ pyrethroid, ether aldehyde nwere mkpa ụlọ kwa afọ nke ihe dị ka tọn 6,000, nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara ya kwesịrị ịzụta na India.
Ebe ọ bụ na ahịa ime obodo maka cyhalothrin na-eru nso ọgwụgwụ ya, ụlọ ọrụ India abụghịkwa isi ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe ndị metụtara alpha-cyhalothrin dịka ether aldehydes, mmetụta ya na ahịa ime obodo dị obere, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka a lebara anya na mbupụ ọhụrụ.
Oge ozi: Juun-08-2022