一,Fusarium na-ekpo ọkụ
Mgbaàmà nke mmerụ ahụ:
Owu Fusarium na-ekpo ọkụnwere ike ime site na seedlings ruo ndị okenye, nke kachasị elu na-eme tupu na mgbe ịmalite.Enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime ụdị 5:
1. Ụdị Reticulated Yellow: Ahịhịa akwụkwọ osisi ahụ na-arịa ọrịa na-agbanwe edo edo, mesophyll na-anọgide na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ n'ime akwụkwọ ndị ahụ na-apụta na-acha odo odo, na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-adaba na ihicha;
2. Ụdị na-acha odo odo: mpaghara ma ọ bụ nnukwu akụkụ nke akụkụ akwụkwọ ahụ na-atụgharị edo edo, na-ebelata ma kpọọ nkụ;
3. Ụdị uhie na-acha odo odo: mpaghara ma ọ bụ nnukwu akụkụ nke akwụkwọ ahụ na-acha odo odo na-acha odo odo, na veins nke akwụkwọ ahụ na-apụtakwa na-acha odo odo, na-akpọnwụ na akpọnwụ;
4. Ụdị kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ: akwụkwọ ahụ na-atụfu mmiri na mberede, ụcha akwụkwọ ya na-aghọ obere akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, akwụkwọ ya na-adị nro ma dị gịrịgịrị, osisi ahụ dum na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma kpọọ nkụ wee nwụọ, ma akwụkwọ ahụ anaghị adapụ, na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. a na-ehulata petioles;
5. Shrinkage ụdị: Mgbe e nwere 5-7 ezi epupụta, ọtụtụ n'ime n'elu epupụta nke ọrịa osisi na-ebelata, oruru, ọchịchịrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba, na shortened internodes, mkpumkpu karịa ike osisi, n'ozuzu adịghị anwụ anwụ, na xylem nke Mgbọrọgwụ osisi na-arịa ọrịa na ngalaba stem na-atụgharị agba aja aja ojii.
Usoro pathogenesis:
Owu na-ata ahụhụ na-emekarị n'ime mkpụrụ osisi na-arịa ọrịa, ihe fọdụrụ n'osisi na-arịa ọrịa, ala, na nri.Ịbugharị mkpụrụ osisi emerụrụ emerụ bụ isi ihe na-ebute mpaghara ọrịa ọhụrụ, na ọrụ ugbo dị ka ịkọ ihe ọkụkụ, nlekọta na ịgba mmiri n'ubi owu metụtara bụ ihe dị mkpa maka nnyefe nso.Pathogenic spores nwere ike itolite na mgbọrọgwụ, ị ga, epupụta, shells, wdg nke osisi ndị na-arịa ọrịa n'oge oke iru mmiri, nke nwere ike gbasaa na ikuku na mmiri ozuzo, na-ebute ihe ọkụkụ gbara gburugburu.
Ihe omume nke owu Fusarium na-ekpo ọkụnwere njikọ chiri anya na okpomọkụ na iru mmiri.N'ozuzu, ọrịa ahụ na-amalite na gburugburu 20 ℃ okpomọkụ nke ala, na-erukwa elu mgbe ala okpomọkụ na-ebili na 25 ℃ -28 ℃;Na mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ afọ mmiri ozuzo n'oge okpomọkụ, ọrịa ahụ dị njọ;Ala owu nwere ala dị ala, ala dị arọ, ala alkaline, mmiri na-adịghị mma, ngwa fatịlaịza nitrogen, na ihe ọkụkụ buru ibu na-emetụta nke ukwuu.
Mgbochi na njikwa kemịkalụ:
1. Tupu ịgha mkpụrụ, jiri 40% carbendazim • pentachloronitrobenzene, 50% methyl sọlfọ • thiram 500 ugboro ngwọta maka disinfection ala;
2. Na mmalite nke ọrịa ahụ, a na-agbanye mgbọrọgwụ na 40% carbendazim • pentachloronitrobenzene, 50% methylsulfide • thiram 600-800 ugboro ngwọta ịgba ma ọ bụ 500 ugboro ngwọta, ma ọ bụ 50% thiram 600-800 ugboro ngwọta, 80% mancozeb 8000. -1000 ugboro ngwọta, na ịrịba akara mmetụta;
3. Maka ubi ndị na-arịa ọrịa siri ike, n'otu oge ahụ, a na-eji 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution gbakwunyere 1% urea ngwọta maka foliar spray kwa ụbọchị 5-7 maka 2-3 ugboro ugboro.Mmetụta mgbochi ọrịa na-apụta ìhè karị.
二,Cotton Verticillium Wilt
Mgbaàmà nke mmerụ ahụ:
Tupu na mgbe ịmalite n'ọhịa, ọrịa ahụ na-amalite ime, na nsọtụ nke akwụkwọ ọrịa na-efunahụ mmiri na wilting.Ihe nkedo edo edo na-apụtaghị oge na-apụta na mesophyll n'etiti veins leaf, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbasa n'ọbụ aka akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ dị ka patches na veins nke akwụkwọ, dị ka akpụkpọ anyụ.Akwụkwọ nke etiti na nke ala ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-etolite n'akụkụ elu, na-adaghị ma ọ bụ daa n'akụkụ akụkụ.Osisi ahụ na-arịa ọrịa dị ntakịrị mkpụmkpụ karịa osisi dị mma.Mgbe ogologo oge ọkọchị gasịrị n'oge ọkọchị na oke mmiri ozuzo, ma ọ bụ ịgba mmiri idei mmiri, akwụkwọ ndị ahụ na-ata na mberede, dị ka mmiri esi esi akpọnwụ, wee daa, nke a na-akpọ ụdị wilting.
Mgbochi na njikwa kemịkalụ:
1. Ịhọrọ ụdị na-eguzogide ọrịa na mmejuputa ntụgharị na ntụgharị ihe ọkụkụ.Na mpaghara owu nke ugwu, iji ọka wit, ọka, na ntụgharị owu nwere ike ibelata ọrịa;Ndị na-achịkwa uto uto n'oge dị ka Sujie An n'oge oge nwa osisi na boll nwere ike ibelata ihe omume verticillium wilt.
2. N'oge mmalite, 80% mancozeb, 50% thiram, 50% methamphetamine, thiram na ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-efesa na 600-800 mmiri mmiri otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị 5-7 maka ugboro atọ sochirinụ, nke nwere mmetụta dị mma na ahụ. mgbochi nke owu verticillium wilt.
三,Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti owu verticillium wilt na fusarium wilt
1. Verticillium wilt na-apụta n'oge ma na-amalite naanị n'oge ogbo nwa osisi;Fusarium wilt nwere ike imebi nnukwu mmebi n'oge oge mkpụrụ osisi, ebe ogbo nwa osisi bụ ọkwa kachasị elu nke ọrịa ahụ.
2. Verticillium wilt na-amalitekarị site na akwụkwọ ala, ebe fusarium na-amalitekarị site na elu gbadaa.
3. Verticillium wilt na-ebute odo nke mesophyll na fusarium wilt na-ebute agba odo nke veins.
4. Verticillium wilt na-akpata ntakịrị dwarfism, ebe fusarium na-eme ka ụdị osisi dwarfed na internodes dị mkpụmkpụ;
5. Mgbe e gbuchara azuokokoosisi, vaskụla vaskụla verticillium wilt na-acha aja aja na-acha aja aja, fusarium wilt bụkwa agba aja aja.
Oge nzipu: Sep-14-2023