Keduphytohormonesna-ekere òkè dị mkpa na njikwa ụkọ mmiri ozuzo? Kedu ka phytohormones si eme mgbanwe maka mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi? Otu akwụkwọ e bipụtara n'akwụkwọ akụkọ Trends in Plant Science reinterpret reinterpretes and classes of 10 classes of phytohormones achọpụtara ka ọ dị ugbu a n'alaeze osisi. Ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na osisi ma na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ ugbo dị ka ahịhịa ahịhịa, biostimulants, na mmepụta mkpụrụ osisi na akwukwo nri.
Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ gosikwara nkephytohormonesdị oké mkpa maka ime mgbanwe na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na-agbanwe (ụkọ mmiri, idei mmiri, wdg) na ịhụ na ihe ọkụkụ na-adị ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi na-arịwanye elu. Onye dere akwụkwọ a bụ Sergi Munne-Bosch, prọfesọ na ngalaba nke Biology na Institute of Biodiversity (IRBio) na Mahadum Barcelona na onye isi otu Integrated Research Group on Antioxidants in Agricultural Biotechnology.
"Ebe ọ bụ na Fritz W. Went chọpụtara auxin dị ka ihe na-ekesa cell na 1927, ọganihu sayensị na phytohormones agbanweela usoro ihe ọmụmụ ihe ọkụkụ na nkà na ụzụ ugbo," Munne-Bosch, bụ́ prọfesọ nke nkà mmụta sayensị evolushọn, ecology, na sayensị gburugburu ebe obibi kwuru.
N'agbanyeghị ọrụ dị oke mkpa nke ndị isi phytohormone, nyocha nnwale na mpaghara a enwebeghị ọganihu dị ukwuu. Auxxins, cytokinins, na gibberellins na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na uto na mmepe osisi yana, dịka ndị odee tụrụ aro n'usoro ọkwa hormone, ka a na-ewere dịka ndị na-achịkọta isi.
N'ọkwa nke abụọ,abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, salicylates, na jasmonic acid na-enyere aka ịhazi nzaghachi osisi kachasị mma maka mgbanwe ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na bụ isi ihe na-ekpebi nzaghachi nrụgide. "Ethylene na abscisic acid dị mkpa karịsịa n'okpuru nrụgide mmiri. Abscisic acid na-ahụ maka mmechi nke stomata (obere pores na epupụta nke na-achịkwa mgbanwe gas) na nzaghachi ndị ọzọ na nrụgide mmiri na mmiri mmiri. Ụfọdụ osisi nwere ike iji mmiri mee ihe nke ọma, karịsịa n'ihi ọrụ nchịkwa nke abcisic acid, "ka Munne-Bosch na-ekwu. Brassinosteroids, hormones peptide, na strigolactones nwere ọkwa nke atọ nke homonụ, na-enye osisi nwere mgbanwe dị ukwuu iji meghachi omume n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche.
Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a ga-achọ maka phytohormones erubeghị nke ọma ihe niile achọrọ ma na-eche njirimara ikpeazụ. "Melatonin na γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) bụ ezigbo ihe atụ abụọ. Melatonin na-emezu ihe niile a chọrọ, mana nchọpụta nke onye na-anabata ya ka dị na mmalite (ugbu a, a na-achọta PMTR1 receptor na Arabidopsis thaliana).
"Maka GABA, ọ dịghị onye natara na osisi, GABA na-achịkwa ọwa ion, ma ọ bụ ihe ijuanya na ọ bụghị a maara neurotransmitter ma ọ bụ anụmanụ hormone na osisi," ọkachamara kwuru.
N'ọdịnihu, ebe ọ bụ na otu phytohormone abụghị nanị ihe dị mkpa sayensị dị na usoro ihe ọmụmụ ihe dị mkpa ma nweekwa uru dị ukwuu n'ọhịa nke ọrụ ugbo na nkà mmụta ihe ọkụkụ, ọ dị mkpa ịgbasa ihe ọmụma anyị banyere otu phytohormone.
"Ọ dị oké mkpa iji mụọ phytohormones nke a ka na-aghọtachaghị nke ọma, dị ka strigolactones, brassinosteroids, na hormones peptide. Anyị chọrọ nyochakwu banyere mmekọrịta nke hormone, nke bụ ebe a na-aghọtachaghị nke ọma, yana ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a na-edobebeghị dị ka phytohormones, dị ka melatonin na gamma-aminobutyric acid (Gamma-aminobutyric) Munchen-Bod. Isi mmalite: Munne-Bosch, S. Phytohormones:
Oge nzipu: Nov-13-2025