Ebumnobi nke ọmụmụ ihe a bụ iji nyochaa nrụpụta ihe fọdụrụ nke nnukwu ịgbasa n'ime ụlọ nke pirimiphos-methyl, nchikota nkedeltamethrinna clothesianidin, na clothesianidin dị na Alibori na Tonga, ebe ịba na-efe efe na ugwu Benin.
N'ime afọ atọ ọmụmụ, a hụrụ iguzogide deltamethrin n'obodo niile. Ahụrụ nguzogide ma ọ bụ ihe nwere ike ịpụta na benzodiazepine. Achọpụtara nhụsianya zuru oke na pirimiphos-methyl na 2019 na 2020, ebe enwere ike iguzogide otu ọgwụ ahụ na Djugu, Gogonu, na Kandy na 2021. Ahụrụ ike zuru oke na wearianidin 4-6 ụbọchị mgbe ekpughere ya. Ọrụ fọdụrụnụ nke pirimiphos-methyl nọgidere ruo ọnwa 4-5, ebe ọrụ fọdụrụnụ nke clothianidin na ngwakọta nke deltamethrin na clothianidin nọgidere ruo ọnwa 8-10. Ịdị irè nke ngwaahịa dị iche iche a nwalere dị ntakịrị elu na mgbidi ciment karịa na mgbidi ụrọ.
N'ozuzu, Anopheles gambiae SL nwere ike ị nweta akwa ákwà mana ọ gosipụtara nguzogide/iguzogide ọgwụ ahụhụ ndị ọzọ nwalere. Ọzọkwa, ọrụ fọdụrụnụ nke ọgwụ ụmụ ahụhụ dabeere na clothesianidin dị elu karịa nke pirimiphos-methyl, na-egosipụta ike ha nke ọma na ịchịkwa vectors na-eguzogide pyrethroid.
Maka ule WHO tube na cone susceptibility, a na-eji ndị obodo Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (sl) na ụdị nwere ike ime nke Anophoeles gambiae (Kisumu) sitere na mpaghara IRS dị iche iche, n'otu n'otu.
Pyrifos-methyl capsule nkwusioru bụ ọgwụ ahụhụ nke World Health Organisation kwadoro maka sistemụ ịgbasa n'ime ụlọ. Pyrifos-methyl 300 CS bụ organophosphorus ụmụ ahụhụ nwere ihe akwadoro nke 1.0 g ingredient (AI)/m² maka njikwa ndị na-akpata ịba. Pyrifos-methyl na-arụ ọrụ na acetylcholinesterase, na-eme ka mkpokọta acetylcholine dị na mgbawa synapti mgbe ndị na-anabata acetylcholine na-emeghe, si otú ahụ na-egbochi nnyefe nke mkpali akwara na-akpata mkpọnwụ na ọnwụ nke ụmụ ahụhụ.
Ojiji nke ụmụ ahụhụ na ụdị omume ọhụrụ, dị ka clothesianidin, nwere ike ịkwado njikwa dị irè na nke na-adịgide adịgide nke ọrịa ịba na-eguzogide ọgwụ pyrethroid. Ọgwụ ụmụ ahụhụ ndị a nwekwara ike inye aka jikwaa nguzogide ụmụ ahụhụ, na-ezere ịghara ịdabere na ọgwụ ahụhụ ọdịnala anọ neurotoxic nke a na-ejikarị na ahụike ọha. Ọzọkwa, ijikọta ụmụ ahụhụ ndị a na ọgwụ ụmụ ahụhụ na ụdị omume ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike belata mmepe nke nguzogide.
The susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae complex to clothianidin bụ naanị enyochala na 2021, tupu e bipụta ụkpụrụ WHO, na-eji protocol optimized by Sumitomo Chemical (SCC) .WHO ụkpụrụ na usoro ule susceptibility maka onye ọ bụla prequalified ụmụ ahụhụ ka ebipụtara, na-ekwe ka WHO collaborating institution Universitins na Malaysia dị iche iche na-akwado akwụkwọ na Malaysia. mee ka ha dị na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha.[31] Naanị n'afọ 2021 ka WHO bipụtara ụkpụrụ ntụzịaka gbasara nnwale nhụsianya na wearianidin.
A na-egbutu akwụkwọ Whatman n'ime iberibe 12 cm n'obosara na 15 cm ogologo, tinye ya na 13.2 mg nke ihe na-arụ ọrụ wearianidin ma jiri ya mee nnwale n'ime awa 24 nke impregnation.
Achọpụtara ọnọdụ ọ ga-enwe ike nke ọnụ ọgụgụ anwụnta a mụrụ dịka usoro WHO siri dị:
A mụrụ akụkụ anọ: ọkwa ike nke ndị Anopheles gambiae mpaghara na ụmụ ahụhụ, mmetụta ịkụ aka ma ọ bụ ọnwụ ozugbo n'ime nkeji 30, ọnwụ na-egbu oge na nrụpụta ọrụ.
Ihe data ejiri na/ma ọ bụ nyochara n'oge ọmụmụ ihe a dị n'aka onye edemede kwekọrọ na arịrịọ ezi uche dị na ya.
Oge nzipu: Sep-22-2025