N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site na mmụba nke obodo ukwu na ọsọ nke nnyefe ala, ọrụ ime obodo na-etinye uche n'ime obodo, ụkọ ọrụ na-arịwanye elu, na-akpata ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu;na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na-abawanye kwa afọ, na ọgwụ ọdịnala dị arọ na-eche ihe ịma aka ihu.Karịsịa na mmejuputa iwu na-aga n'ihu nke mbelata pesticide na nkwalite arụmọrụ nke ọma, ọ nwere ike imeziwanye ọnụego ojiji nke ọgwụ na-egbu egbu, belata oke ọrụ, wee weta ohere dị mma maka mmepe nke usoro ịzọpụta ọrụ site na iji ụzọ ngwa ngwa dị mfe.Nkwadebe ọrụ na-echekwa ọrụ na ịzọpụta ọrụ dị ka mmiri mmiri na-efesa, granules na-ese n'elu mmiri, mmanụ na-agbasa fim, U granules na microcapsules aghọwo ebe nyocha nke ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na-ebute ohere dị mma maka mmepe.Mmepe ha na ngwa ha ejirila nnukwu ahịa dị n'ubi paddy, gụnyere ụfọdụ ihe ọkụkụ, na atụmanya dị ukwuu.
Mmepe nke nkwadebe nchekwa ọrụ na-akawanye mma
N'ime afọ iri gara aga, nkà na ụzụ na-emepụta ọgwụ pesticide nke mba m enwetawo ọganihu ngwa ngwa, na mmepe mmepe na-eme ka enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi na-apụtawanye ìhè;imeziwanye arụmọrụ, ilekwasị anya na nchekwa ndụ ndụ ndụ, na ibelata usoro onunu ogwu na ịbawanye arụmọrụ bụ naanị ụzọ maka mmepe.
Usoro nchekwa ọrụ bụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ na-agbaso usoro a.Kpọmkwem, nyocha nke ịzọpụta ọrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ pesticide pụtara na ndị na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ịzọpụta awa mmadụ ma rụọ ọrụ n'ọrụ iji ọgwụ ahụhụ site na ụzọ dị iche iche na usoro dị iche iche, ya bụ, ịmụ ka esi eji ụzọ kachasị echekwa ọrụ na ichekwa ọrụ ngwa ngwa. ma tinye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ pesticide n'ụzọ ziri ezi.Tinye na mpaghara ebumnuche nke ihe ubi.
Na mba ụwa, Japan bụ obodo kachasị na-emepe emepe na teknụzụ na-azọpụta ọrụ pesticide, South Korea sochiri ya.Mmepe nke usoro ịzọpụta ọrụ agabigala usoro nyocha atọ na mmepe site na granules ruo nnukwu granules, usoro na-emepụta ihe, usoro ihe ọkụkụ, wee gaa n'ụdị mmanụ na-agbasa fim, granules na-ese n'elu mmiri, na granules U.
N'ime afọ iri gara aga, usoro iji chekwaa ọrụ pesticide amalitela ngwa ngwa na mba m, na mmepe na teknụzụ nke usoro ndị yiri ya ka akwalitekwara ma tinye ya n'ihe ọkụkụ nke ubi paddy nọchitere anya ya.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, usoro nchekwa ọrụ nke pesticides gụnyere mmanụ na-agbasa ihe nkiri, granules na-ese n'elu mmiri, U granules, microcapsules, ndị na-ekesa mmiri n'elu mmiri, ndị na-emepụta ihe (mbadamba), nnukwu granules, granules dị elu, ndị na-ese anwụrụ, ndị na-eri nri, wdg. .obiọma.
N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nkwadebe nchekwa ọrụ edebanyere aha na obodo m abawanyela kwa afọ.Dị ka Ọktọba 26, 2021, China Pesticide Information Network na-egosi na enwere ngwaahịa 24 edebanyere aha nke nnukwu granules na obodo m, ngwaahịa 10 nke mmanụ na-agbasa ihe nkiri, ngwaahịa 1 edebanyere aha nke onye na-ekesa mmiri n'elu mmiri, ndị na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ 146, ndị nnọchi anya 262, na mbadamba nkume na-egbuke egbuke.17 doses na 303 microcapsule nkwadebe.
Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, wdg niile nọ na egwu a.onye ndu.
Nkwadebe nchekwa ọrụ kacha eji eme ihe n'ubi paddy
Iji kwuo na a na-ejikarị nkwadebe na-echekwa ọrụ eme ihe, na usoro teknụzụ dị ntakịrị, ọ ka bụ ubi paddy.
Ubi Paddy bụ ihe ọkụkụ nwere ngwa kachasị ewu ewu nke nkwadebe ịzọpụta ọrụ n'ụlọ na mba ofesi.Mgbe mmepe na afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, usoro onunu ogwu nke nkwadebe ịzọpụta ọrụ na-eji na paddy ubi na mba m bụ tumadi mmanụ na-agbasa fim, granules na-ese n'elu mmiri na granules na-agbasa mmiri (U granules).N'ime ha, ihe nkiri na-agbasa mmanụ bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.
Mmanụ na-agbasa ihe nkiri bụ usoro onunu ogwu nke a na-agbaze ọgwụ pesticide mbụ na mmanụ.Kpọmkwem, ọ bụ mmanụ a kpụrụ site n'ịgbakwunye onye na-agbasa pụrụ iche na-agbasa na mmanụ nkịtị.Mgbe a na-eji ya eme ihe, a na-atụba ya ozugbo n'ubi osikapa ka ọ gbasaa, mgbe ọ gbasaa, ọ na-agbasa n'elu mmiri n'onwe ya iji gosipụta mmetụta ya.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-etinye ngwaahịa ụlọ dị ka 4% thifur·azoxystrobin ihe nkiri na-agbasa mmanụ, 8% ihe nkiri thiazide na-agbasa mmanụ, 1% spirulina ethanolamine nnu na-agbasa mmanụ, wdg, na-etinye ya site na ntanye, nke dị nnọọ mma.Ngwakọta nke mmanụ na-agbatị ihe nkiri na-agụnye ihe ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ndị surfactants, na ihe ndị na-edozi mmanụ, na njirimara njikwa ya na-agụnye ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ, pH range, n'elu esemokwu, nguzozi interfacial esemokwu, mmiri, ịgbasa ọsọ, na-agbasa ebe, ala okpomọkụ kwụsie ike, nchekwa okpomọkụ.nkwụsi ike.
Granules na-ese n'elu mmiri bụ ụdị ọhụrụ ụdị pesticide nke na-ese n'elu mmiri ozugbo etinyere ya na mmiri, na-agbasa ngwa ngwa n'elu mmiri dum, wee gbasaa ma gbasaa na mmiri.Ihe mejupụtara ya na-agụnye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ pesticide, ndị na-ese n'elu mmiri na-ese n'elu mmiri, ndị na-ekekọta ihe, ndị na-ekesa ndị na-ekesa, wdg. Ihe mejupụtara nke granules na-ese n'elu mmiri na-agụnye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ, onye na-ese n'elu mmiri, na-agbasa dispersant, na njirimara njikwa àgwà ya gụnyere ọdịdị, oge nkwụsịtụ, ọnụego na-ese n'elu mmiri, mgbasa. anya, ọnụego mgbasa, na mgbawa.
U granules bụ ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ, ihe ndị na-ebu, ihe nkedo na ihe na-ekesa.Mgbe etinyere ya n'ubi paddy, granules na-adaba n'ala nwa oge, mgbe ahụ granules na-ebilite ka ha see n'elu mmiri.N'ikpeazụ, ihe na-arụ ọrụ na-agbaze ma gbasaa n'akụkụ niile n'elu mmiri.Ihe mmalite mbụ bụ nkwadebe nke cypermethrin maka njikwa mmiri mmiri osikapa.Ngwakọta nke U granules na-agụnye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ, ndị na-ebu, ndị na-ekekọta, na ndị na-ekesa ihe, na njirimara njikwa àgwà ya gụnyere ọdịdị, oge ịmalite ịse n'elu mmiri, oge iji wuchaa mmiri na-ese n'elu mmiri, anya mgbasa ozi, ọnụego nkwụsịtụ, na nkwụsịtụ.
Dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ si kwuo, Japan na South Korea akwalitewo iji U granules na granules na-ese n'elu mmiri n'ọtụtụ buru ibu, ma ọ dị ntakịrị ihe ọmụmụ ụlọ, ọ dịghịkwa ngwaahịa ọ bụla etinyere na ahịa.Otú ọ dị, a kwenyere na a ga-enwe ngwaahịa granule na-ese n'elu n'ahịa na China n'ọdịnihu dị nso.N'oge ahụ, a ga-edochi ụfọdụ mmiri mmiri a na-ahụkarị na-ese n'elu mmiri na-effervescent granules ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa mbadamba nkume na-agbapụta n'usoro n'usoro ọgwụ ubi osikapa, nke ga-ekwe ka e jiri ngwaahịa osikapa osikapa mee ihe.Ndị ọrụ ugbo na-erite uru n'ụzọ e si etinye ha n'ọrụ.
Nkwadebe Microencapsulated na-aghọ ebe dị elu na-esote asọmpi na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ
N'ime ụdị nkwadebe nchekwa ọrụ dị ugbu a, nkwadebe microencapsulated bụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya na ụlọ ọrụ n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya.
Nkwusioru microcapsule pesticide (CS) na-ezo aka n'ụdị pesticide nke na-eji ihe sịntetik ma ọ bụ ihe polymer eke eme ihe na-emepụta ihe nrụpụta isi-shell micro-container, na-ekpuchi pesticide dị na ya, ma kwụsịtụ ya na mmiri.Ọ na-agụnye akụkụ abụọ, shea capsule na capsule core, capsule core bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke pesticides, na capsule shei bụ ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri polymer.Ebu ụzọ jiri teknụzụ microencapsulation na mba ofesi, gụnyere ụfọdụ ụmụ ahụhụ na fungicides, bụ ndị meriri nsogbu teknụzụ na ọnụ ahịa, ma mepụtakwa ike na China n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya.Dị ka ajụjụ nke China Pesticide Information Network si kwuo, dị ka Ọktoba 26, 2021, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ngwaahịa nkwadebe microencapsulated debara aha na obodo m ruru 303, na usoro edebanyere aha gụnyere 245 microcapsule suspensions, 33 microcapsule suspensions, na ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ microcapsule suspensions.11 granules, 8 mkpụrụ ọgwụgwọ microcapsule nkwusioru-nkwusioru ihe, 3 microcapsule powders, 7 microcapsule granules, 1 microcapsule, na 1 microcapsule nkwusioru-aqueous emulsion.
Enwere ike ịhụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nkwusioru microcapsule debara aha na nkwadebe microcapsule nke ụlọ bụ nke kachasị ukwuu, na ụdị ụdị usoro onunu ogwu edebanyere aha dị ntakịrị, ya mere enwere nnukwu ohere maka mmepe.
Liu Runfeng, onye nduzi nke R&D Center nke Yunfa Biological Group, kwuru na pesticide microcapsules, dị ka ihe omume enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi, nwere uru nke na-adịgide adịgide mmetụta, nchekwa na gburugburu ebe obibi.Otu n'ime ha bụ ebe nyocha n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, yana ọ bụkwa ugwu ugwu ọhụrụ na-esote maka ndị nrụpụta ga-asọmpi.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, nyocha ụlọ na capsules na-elekwasịkarị anya na mahadum na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha sayensị, na nyocha usoro nyocha bụ nke ọma.N'ihi na enwere ihe mgbochi teknụzụ ole na ole na usoro mmepụta nke nkwadebe microcapsule, ihe na-erughị 100 na-ere ahịa n'ezie, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ enweghị nkwadebe microcapsule na China.Ngwaahịa Capsule bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwadebe pesticide nwere asọmpi isi.
Na asọmpi ahịa dị egwu ugbu a, na mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ enweghị ike ibibi nke ụlọ ọrụ mba ofesi ochie n'ime obi ndị China, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị ka Mingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, na Guangxi Tianyuan na-adabere na mma iji mebie nnọchibido ahụ.N'ime ha, Mingde Lida mebiri echiche na ngwaahịa ndị China adịghị mma dịka ụlọ ọrụ mba ọzọ na egwu a.
Liu Runfeng webatara na teknụzụ microencapsulation bụ isi asọmpi nke Mindleader.Mindleader ewepụtala ogige dị ka beta-cyhalothrin, metolachlor, prochloraz, na abamectin: Enwere ihe karịrị ngwaahịa 20 enwetara asambodo ma na-akwụ ụgwọ maka ndebanye aha na ngalaba anọ: usoro microcapsule fungicide, usoro microcapsule ụmụ ahụhụ, usoro microcapsule herbicide, na mkpụrụ mkpuchi microcapsule usoro.E kpuchiela ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche, dị ka osikapa, citrus, akwụkwọ nri, ọka wit, apụl, ọka, apụl, mkpụrụ vaịn, ahụekere, wdg.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ngwaahịa microcapsule nke Mingde Lida nke edepụtara ma ọ bụ na-achọ ka edepụta ya na China gụnyere Delica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin na fabricianidin microcapsule nkwusioru-nkwusioru), Lishan® (45% isi nke Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone · Butachlor Microcapsule nkwusioru), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule nkwusioru), Jinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule nkwusioru), Miaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·edi ọgwụgwọ suspdio-capsule microcapsule ọgwụgwọ. ), Deliang® (5 % Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), wdg N'ọdịnihu, a ga-enwe ihe ọhụrụ Nchikota formulations mere n'ime microcapsule suspensions.Site na mbudata ndebanye aha mba ofesi, ngwaahịa microcapsule nke Mingde Lida ga-eji nwayọ kwalite ma tinye ya n'ọrụ n'ụwa niile.
N'ikwu okwu banyere nyocha n'ọdịnihu na mmepe mmepe nke pesticide microcapsules n'ọdịnihu, Liu Runfeng kpughere na a ga-enwe ntụziaka ise ndị a: ① site na ngwa ngwa-ntọhapụ na-achịkwa-ntọhapụ;② ihe ndị na-ahụ maka mgbidi gburugburu ebe obibi kama ịbụ ihe mgbidi sịntetik iji belata ntọhapụ nke "microplastics" na gburugburu ebe obibi;③ dabere na nhazi usoro maka ọnọdụ ngwa dị iche iche;④ Ụzọ nkwadebe dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi;⑤ Usoro nyocha sayensị.Imelite nkwụsi ike dị mma nke ngwaahịa nkwusioru microcapsule ga-abụ isi ụlọ ọrụ Mingde Lida na-anọchi anya ya n'ọdịnihu.
N'ịchịkọta, na ọganihu miri emi nke mbelata pesticide na nkwalite arụmọrụ, ahịa ahịa na ikike nke usoro ịzọpụta ọrụ ga-enwetakwu ma hapụ ya, ọdịnihu ya ga-abụ nke na-akparaghị ókè.N'ezie, a ga-enwekwa ụlọ ọrụ nkwadebe kachasị mma na-agbanye n'ime egwu a, asọmpi ahụ ga-esiwanye ike.Ya mere, ndị mmadụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-akpọ maka ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na-egbu egbu ka ha mee ka nyocha na mmepe nke usoro ọgwụgwọ pesticide sikwuo ike, ịbawanye ego nyocha sayensị, nyochaa ngwa nke nkà na ụzụ na nhazi pesticide, kwalite mmepe nke usoro ịzọpụta ọrụ, ma na-arụ ọrụ ugbo.
Oge nzipu: Mee-05-2022