Na ọnwụnwa na Africa, bednets mere nkePYRETHROIDnaFIPRONILgosipụtara mmetụta entomological na epidemiological ka mma.Nke a butere mmụba n'ọchịchọ ọhụrụ a n'ịntanetị na mba ọrịa ịba.PermaNet Dual bụ deltamethrin ọhụrụ na clofenac mesh nke Vestergaard Sàrl mepụtara iji nyekwuo ike na mmemme nchịkwa ịba.Anyị mere nnwale ọdụ ụgbọ elu iji nyochaa arụmọrụ PermaNet Dual megide anwụnta pyrethroid na-efe efe na-efe efe na Cove, Benin.PermaNet Dual kpatara ọnwụ anwụnta dị elu ma ọ bụrụ na a saghị ya ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụgbụ nwere pyrethroid naanị yana ụgbụ nwere pyrethroid na PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (77% maka PermaNet Dual, 23% maka PermaNet 2.0 na 23% maka PermaNet 3.0) 56% p1 mgbe 0.200 p1 gachara. .Washes ọkọlọtọ (75% maka PermaNet Dual, 14% maka PermaNet 2.0, 30% maka PermaNet 3.0, p <0.001).N'iji oke ala na-adịghị ala ala nke World Health Organisation kọwapụtara, PermaNet Dual bụkwa onye na-adịghị ala ala na ndị na-ebu ibu na pyrethroid-clofenazoline, nke gosipụtara uru ahụike ọha na eze (Interceptor G2) (79% vs 76).%, OR = 0.878, 95% CI 0.719-1.073), ma ọ bụghị maka nchebe megide ọbara ọkọnọ (35% vs. 26%, OR = 1.424, 95% CI 1.177-1.723).PermaNet Dual bụ nhọrọ ọzọ maka ụdị ụgbụ a dị oke mma iji kwalite njikwa ịba nke anwụnta na-eguzogide pyrethroid na-ebufe.
Ụgbụ akwa a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ (ITN) bụ usoro mgbochi ịba kachasị dị irè na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.Egosikwara ha ugboro ugboro iji belata ọrịa ịba na ọnwụ na nnwale na ọnọdụ mmemme ma nyekwa aka kacha ukwuu na ntinye aka ọ bụla na nso nso a iji belata ọrịa ịba.Otú ọ dị, ịdabere na otu klas nke ụmụ ahụhụ (pyrethroids) na-arụ ọrụ nhọrọ, na-akwalite mgbasa nke nguzogide pyrethroid na vectors ịba.N'agbata afọ 2010 na 2020, achọpụtara nguzogide pyrethroid n'ime opekata mpe otu ụdị vector na 88% nke mba ndị nwere ọrịa ịba.Ọ bụ ezie na ọmụmụ egosila na bednet ndị a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ na-echebe megide ịba n'agbanyeghị nkwụsị, enwere ihe akaebe siri ike na anwụnta ndị na-ekpuchi akwa bednet pyrethroid emewo ka ndụ dịkwuo mma na inye nri.N'iburu mkpa ha dị maka igbochi na ịchịkwa ịba, mbelata ọ bụla ọzọ na ịdị irè nke ụgbụ a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ nwere ike ibute ịmaliteghachi ọrịa na ọnwụ.
N'ịzaghachi ihe iyi egwu a, e mepụtala bednets nke a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ na-eme ihe abụọ, bụ́ ndị jikọtara pyrethroid na ihe ọzọ, iji weghachi njikwa nke ọrịa ịba na-eguzogide ọgwụ pyrethroid.Ụdị ITN ọhụrụ mbụ na-ejikọta pyrethroids naPIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (PBO), onye synergist nke na-eme ka ịdị irè nke pyrethroid dị irè site na nkwụsịtụ detoxifying enzymes jikọtara na pyrethroid resistance10.N'ime ụlọ nnwale na ụyọkọ ule a na-achịkwaghị nke ọma (cRCT) ITN nwere pyrethroids na PBO egosila uru entomological dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ITN nwere naanị pyrethroids na ọrịa epidemiological.Kemgbe ahụ, ha anatala nkwenye WHO maka ikesa na mpaghara ebe vectors na-egosipụta nguzogide pyrethroids, na-eduga na mmụba dị ukwuu na nkesa ha na mba ndị nwere nsogbu n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya18.Agbanyeghị, pyrethroid-PBO ITN enweghị oke.N'ụzọ doro anya, enwere nchegbu maka ịdịte aka ha mgbe ejiri ụlọ mee ogologo oge.Nnyocha ndị na-anya ụgbọelu na West Africa na-atụkwa aro na ụgbụ anwụnta pyrethroid-PBO nwere ike inye uru dị nta karịa na mpaghara nwere ụbara nguzogide pyrethroid na-agbado site na mgbagwoju anya na ọtụtụ usoro.Ya mere, maka njikwa vector dị irè na nke na-adịgide adịgide, ọ dị mkpa iji ọtụtụ ụdị ụgbụ akwa a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ, ọkacha mma nwere ọgwụ ahụhụ ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ nke vectors na-enwe mmetụta.
Na nso nso a, ụgbụ akwa a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ adịla nke na-ejikọta pyrethroids na fipronil, ọgwụ ahụhụ azole nke na-akpaghasị ọrụ mitochondrial.Chlorfenopyr na-anọchi anya usoro ọhụrụ maka ịchịkwa ihe ndị na-akpata ọrịa ewepụtala usoro mgbochi siri ike megide ụmụ ahụhụ dị ugbu a.Pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr ITN (Interceptor G2), nke BASF mebere, egosipụtala ọrịa ịba na-eguzogide pyrethroid na nnwale pilot na Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte na Tanzania.Njikwa vector emela nke ọma ma bụrụkwa nke Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa tozuru oke ugbu a.Ọnwụnwa buru ibu na mmemme nkesa ụgbọ elu na mba ụfọdụ egosipụtakwala ihe akaebe nke mmetụta ọrịa na-efe efe.Kpọmkwem, RCT na Benin na Tanzania gosipụtara na Interceptor G2 belatara ọrịa ịba nwata site na 46% na 44% karịa afọ 2, n'otu n'otu, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ITN na-eji pyrethroid ọkọlọtọ naanị.Dabere na nsonaazụ ndị a, Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa wepụtara n'oge na-adịbeghị anya ndụmọdụ siri ike maka iji ụgbụ akwa pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ kama ịbụ ụgbụ akwa nwere pyrethroid naanị n'ebe ndị vectors na-eguzogide ọgwụ pyrethroid.Ụgbụ akwa a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ iji gbochie ịba.Nke a butere mmụba dị ukwuu n'ọchịchọ zuru ụwa ọnụ na iwu maka ụgbụ anwụnta a na-agwọ pyrethroid arụnyere na mba ndị nwere nsogbu.Mmepe ụdị ọhụrụ pyrethroid dị elu na ụgbụ akwa fipronil site n'aka ọtụtụ ndị nrụpụta nwere ikike nrụpụta siri ike ga-enyere aka melite ahịa ụgbụ akwa a na-agwọ ahụhụ, na-abawanye asọmpi, ma mee ka ọ dị mfe ịnweta ụgbụ akwa a na-agwọ ụmụ ahụhụ dị ọnụ ala.Ụgbụ akwa. Ụgbụ ụmụ ahụhụ maka njikwa vector kacha mma.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 17-2023